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GEOLOGIC LUNAR
RESEARCHES
SURFACE FEATURES
Region I: 250 W- 010 W
Syrtys Major was very dark. The Toth- Nepenthes canal was not seen
(Fig 1, 3, 4, 6, 7). Nodus Alcyonius, northeast of Syrtis Major, was also
dark and elongated (Fig 4, 5). To the south,
Hellas was bright with cloud or fog. West of syrtis, Astabores-Astasupes
was faintly seen (Fig 4, 8, 9). This area
is more dark in green and blu light. Boreosyrtis was dark (Fig
1, 3, 6, 4, 8, 9, 10).
Utopia, Casius and Dioscuria appear dark. Moving
westward, Protonilus, Ismenius Lacus and Deutoronilus were fairly defined
as a narrow line (Fig. 4, 4a, 8). Sabaeus Sinus was quite dark and separated
to the south by Deucalionis, as a clear region. Pandorae Fretum was seen
too (Fig 1, 7, 8, 9, 10, 4a).
Fig 1,2-seeing II/III- 1, on the left CM 310 (march,
2, 1999)
2-on the right CM 50 (march, 31, 1999)
R. Lena SCT 250 mm f/10 250x
Fig. 3 Lorenzo Comolli SC 200 mm f/10 sum of
20 images. Integration time of 0.09 sec. Eyepiece projection f/ 6000
by a barlow 2x. Elaboration with Qmips32 and unsharp mask.
Images carried out on may, 14, 1999 at
21:30 TU , Central meridian of 278°.
Fig. 4- Alessandro DeLorenzo SC 250 mm f/10 +
Barlow apo 2X + red filter +CCD Sbig ST5-C
may, 11, 1999 20:09 TU - integration of 12 images
0.02 sec
MC 315° seeing II/III.
Fig4a-CCD image by Alessandro DeLorenzo. Elaboration
in false color (by GLR).It is visible Nodus Alcyonius as a elongated spot
and o the west Coloe Palus-Protonilius -Ismenius Lacus. In S. Major are
visible features as Osiridis Prom., Deltoton Sinus, Incurval. Hesperia
and the complex Thoana Palus-Aetheria-Nodus Laoocontis is recorded too.
Boreosyrtis-casius was visible and dark. The complex Nodus Alcyonius-Tritonius
-Tritonius Sinus was recorded as a line dusky to dark extending from
Casius (Fig. 4, 4a, 5).
Fig 5. seeing II CM 273 (may,13, 1999)
Filter 23 A and 15 A. PG. Salimbeni, 250x SCT 200
mm f/10
Fig. 6-seeing III- CM 314 (april,5, 1999).
R. Lena SCT 250 mm f/10 200x
Fig. 7-seeing III- CM 329 (may, 10, 1999).
PG. Salimbeni SCT 200 mm f/10 200x filter 23A, seeing
III
In Sirtys Major has been
recorded a thin, bright cloud over Oenotria and over Libya.
Furthermore it was visible the bay below Sinus
Sabaeus and Sigeus Portus (Fig.8).
Fig 8 May, 9, 1999 at 22.00 UT (MC 330), filters
W21, W25, W80A. Syrtis Major and clouds. R. Lena OG 100 mm f/15 250x ,
seeing II (Antoniadi Scale). It is visible the complex
Ismenius Lacus-Protonilius
Astaboras and Astasupes are visible extending
from the north following corner of Syrtis Major (Fig. 4, 9). Hellas
appears bright, the north polar cap appears bright surrounded by an bright
haze.
Fig 9-May, 9, 1999 at 20.30 UT (MC 309), PG. Salimbeni
SCT 200 mm f/10 200- 250x , seeing II (Antoniadi Scale). It is visible
Astaboras
Fig. 10, Giuseppe Sorrentino SC 200 mm f/10
, videocamera TC398
Images carried out on may, 16, 1999 at
00:30 TU , Central meridian of 298°.
Osiridis Promontorium, at the preceding border of Syrtis Major was recorded
in some observations (and images) as in Fig 3, 4, 4a, 10, 11.
Fig 11 Syrtis M. was large and dark. Several features
in Casius-Boreosyrtis. Aetheria appears dark to dusky (elaboration by GLR
group, image by Lorenzo Comolli)
Region II: 010 W- 130 W
Margaritifer Sinus and Aurorae Sinus were defined
(Fig 2, 12, 16, 17, 25, 26) . Aurorae Sinus
appears dark as well Margaritifer Sinus and Oxia Palus (dark spot extending
from Margaritifer S.) as visible in Fig. 15. Mare Acidalium and Niliacus
lacus appear dark while it was possible to see clouds over Chryse-Xanthe
(Fig 14-17, 26).
Fig 12 Lorenzo Comolli SC 200 mm f/10 sum of
20 images. Integration time of 0.05 sec. Eyepiece projection f/ 4000
by a barlow 2x. Elaboration with Qmips32 and unsharp mask.
Images carried out on may, 1, 1999 at 21:30
TU , Central meridian of 33°.
Mare Acidalium to the north (bottom) and the complex
Sinus Sabaeus -Margaritifer Sinus to the south (top). NPC small.
Fig 13 Elaboration in false color by Piergiovanni
Salimbeni (CM 33°), on the left and Lorenzo Comolli on the right.
The NPC appears surrounded by a dark collar comprised
of Mare Acidalium, Mare Boreum and Nerigos (Fig 12, 13). Hyperboreus lacus
was recorded over the north polar cap (fig. 2). The following half of Nilokeras
and Lunae Lacus appear dark. To the west Candor, Juventae Fons and Ganges
were only dusky (Fig. 2, 16, 17). In blu light they appear darker than
in red light (red color of the area). Niliacus was darker than Acidalium.
To the south Solis Lacus was dark and elongated E-W. The canal Phasis was
not seen (Fig 14). In addition to the numerous
clouds in tharsis, some albedo features were reported. In blu light a darkening
of Ascraeus Lacus and Ceraunius was recorded. Eumenides appears
as thin, dusky albedo feature extending from the complex Lunae Lacus-Uranius-Ascraeus
Lacus (Fig 14). In several observations
bright clouds over Noachis apparently connecting to bright limbs were recorded
(Fig 14). Delicate filaments including Hydrae
Palus and Clytaemnestrae Lacus were seen (following border of Niliacus)
(Fig 15).
Fig. 14-15 -seeing II-III; fig 7 CM 79 (may,
1, 1999)on the left -fig 8 CM 4 (may, 2, 1999) on the right. Filters W80
A, W 11. R. Lena OG 100 mm f/15 200x
Fig. 16, 17-seeing II-III CM 55 (may,2,
1999)-on the left P. Salimbeni SCT 200 mm f/10 200x and on the right
P. Ricciardi OG 100 mm f/10 200x
Furthermore Tanais and Callirrhoe Sinus appear
as dark projection from the preceding and following border of Mare Acidalium
(Fig 13, 18). Niliacus is dark. By use of
yellow filter Nilokeras appeared double (Nilokeras I and II) separated
by a faint peceptible streak. Achillis Pons is very faint at high albedo
(Fig 18).
Fig 18 May, 5, 1999 at 21.00 UT (MC 330),
filters W11, W25, Mare Acidalium and presence of Nilokeras I and II separated
by a faint streak. R. Lena OG 100 mm f/15 250x , seeing II(Antoniadi
Scale).
Region III: 130 W- 250 W
Cerberus I, forming the southern border
of Elysium shield was dark. Cerberus, Trivium -Charontis and Hyblaeus were
dark and conspicuous in the apparition (Fig
19-20, 23). The complex Propontis I, II was also visible (Fig.24).
However in blu and green lights the complex Propontis-Trivium-Cerberus
was recorded like an apparent dark feature. Hyblaeus was broad (Fig 19,
21, 23). The Azania regio preceding Elysium appears also dark in blu light
(showing a specific red color) (Fig 20). Orcus appears as a thin band extending
over the south preceding corne of Trivium Charontis (Fig. 19). In red light
the features became fainter and only Trivium-Cerberus appeared as a halftone
streak well visible.
Aetheria also appeared dark to dusk while Nodus
Alcyonius appeared in some observations as an isolated albedo feature (Fig
4, 4a). Hesperia appears as a thin, clear strip separating
Mare Cimmerium from Mare Tyrrhenum (Fig. 4, 4a, 21).
Mare Cimmerium and Sirenum were dark and elongated
. Bright clouds were recorded on Tharsis and Olympus Mons. The area surrounding
Olympus Mons also appears dark to dusky over Amazonis and Arcadia (Fig.
22).
Fig. 19, 20-seeing III CM 220 (april,19,
1999)-on the left blu filter (W 80A) and on the right red filter (W25)
R. Lena SCT 250 mm f/10 250x
Laestrygon Sinus appered dark at the end of Mare Cimmerium (Fig. 20).
Hesperia alwais appeared as a bright streak separating Mare Cimmerium
from Mare Tyrrhenum (Fig. 4, 21).
Fig 21seeing III CM 238 (may,16, 1999)-
R. Lena OG 100 mm f/15 180x
Fig 22- seeing III CM 146 (april,25, 1999) blu filter
(W80A) R. Lena SCT 250 mm f/10 200x
Fig 23- seeing III CM 146 (may,22, 1999)
Giuseppe Sorrentino (LOA). MC 214 north at the top.

Fig 24- seeing III CM 157 (may,26, 1999) Lorenzo
Comolli. Sum of 14 images (ST4) with Barlow 2x. SC 200 mm f/10. It is visible
Propontis complex. Images in integral light and red filter (on the left).
Fig. 25-26-seeing III. fig. 25 CM
60 (may ,1, 1999)and on the right CM 49 (may,
5, 1999) Luca Landi OG 10 cm f/10 200x
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